Đánh giá mức đô giảm phát thải khí ô nhiễm khi sử dụng khí sinh học trong sinh hoạt tại xã Ngọc Lũ, huyện Lục Bình, tỉnh Hà Nam

c  gim
khi s dc trong sinh hot (ti
c, t

Nguyn Th u

i hc Khoa hc T ng
Lu: Khoa hng; : 60 8502
ng dn: PGS.TS. Nguyn Th 
o v: 2011

Abstract: T du trong sinh ho
th gii Vi
u trong sinh hot qu 
th git Nam v hiu qu c c gi
nhic biu. Khc t,
 u qu gim
t nh s d xut gi
m rng phm vi ng d 

Keywords: Khoa hng; ; nh hc; 
Nam

Content

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





 




(KSH) 

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



Đánh giá mức độ giảm phát thải khí ô nhiễm khi sử dụng khí sinh học trong sinh
hoạt (tại Xã Ngọc Lũ, huyện Bình Lục, tỉnh Hà Nam)” 

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
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
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
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 - 
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
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 .
 

PPNN)

na









- 
    ng

 






 







tr

i t          d   u truyn
thu hii l
Lc, t
- Khu v  i gian n   
huy
- u tra, kh p s liu 100 h     i, 25 h 
PPNN, 25 h  s dng KSH).
- Ly m c la chn (2 h i, 2 h  
than, 2 h s d u qu m v: Bi l lng,

m ca 4 lou ti khu v
 KSH: Các công trình KSH tại các hộ nghiên cứu có nguyên liệu đầu vào là
phân lợn.
 Than: Than được dung trong nghiên cứu này được mua cùng một nơi để
đảm bảo chất lượng đồng đều và là loại than tổ ong trong đó than antraxit chiếm
70%.
 Củi: Củi chủ yếu là gỗ các thân cây, gỗ tạp.
 PPNN: 2 PPNN được sử dụng tại các hộ nghiên cứu chủ yếu là thân ngô và
rơm.

 
   





 










 100 h dn      ng




, 

c bit khu v



 dn s
n (22/25 





) trong khi 100% h s ,
   3 
(100% h dn khng la chn m p s


ng t



en,  un nu chi


l cao nht (53%). Trong k





  d






nht, tip nhng 100, 12 0% 

n c
 (hình 1).



3 

n s  





 un n


xut hi

. Nguyn nh

n t







 2S ch






 .

 ng CO thu. 

, 18/25
(bao gm 06 h i v



 





 ) 



 

 un nu
bng than gy hin t

.




 

khu v 

 60 i,
trong 3  u kiu tng t 

 




m. K



y mi tr

 
 s  ng s  p nht. Vic s
 

 n so v

  
truyn thng v nng 

, CO. Cng cn l i
u. Hiu qu gi
3
trong khu vu cu
 khnh.
ng:
- 



 lng khu v(tr)  s 
 (0,05 mg/m3). So v

 n thng, 

 



 
nhi

 n so v

   .  

  s
,  n so v

   
25,58 ln. 



 , 



 ng ln  



 . Sau
khi k





 u 60 , nng 

 

  s 
than, n cao h





 
n.
- 

  (tr )  s 
(1,24 mg/m3). So v

 n thng, 

 



m  nhim
CO ln so v

 s . CO trong khu v




s  n so v

  5,32 ln. 



 , 


ng ln  v





n thng. Sau khi k






nu 60 , nng 





  s ,  n
cao h





 n.
- 











  (tr)  s 


 (SO
2
: 0,06 mg/m
3
; HCs: 0,48 mg/m
3
; CH
4
: 48,14 mg/m
3
; H
2
S: 0,01
mg/m
3

3
: 0,12 mg/m
3
). S di hiu qu gim chm CO
u. So v

 n thng, mi tr










 n  

p nht tr




un nu, th hin qua nng 






60 t. 





 ng 

H
2
S ti 4  i s  .
Tuy nhin,  chnh lch v nng 

 s  



  


 

 n, 

t khi nng 

c i
trng  m.
D





 n c 







 ng


 c Y t Th giu chng
thng gp gm: i,  , ho, , nh,  c
la ch 



 , nh gi nhanh. y cng l nhng hin
tng trc tim nh h
hu c






 





 n s


, huy



,  y: u ch

 dng
KSH trong sinh hoi cao hn, tng n


21%, 





25%.



Kt qu u tra 100 h  s dng KSH, 25 h dung than, 25 h 
c c th hin trong h2 :
- Tr

 ,   3 

, c


. 

i gian t 01  03 , 

 sang s d










 

ngi (13/25 





u chng
b

 di ln l2/25 4/25 

).
- 



 12 h    

   i, 
, ho nh





  

g nh




l cao (9/12 h). Tuy nhin theo cc h 







u ch




nhng hin t



p v khng xy ra th



 u.


 n t











 



-2S ch






.
- 



 n li



   ng n




t thnh ph



 



 i gian tip


 ng




3 (than, ) :
+ 5/25 



n t, ho, c &  nhng




2/25 

; ng



t ng 

7/25






0%.




, 

7 



8 






 






, 







 , CO. 










 (, , ) 










 





:
1: 












Đơn vi
̣
: mg/m
3

Thông
sô
́

Trươ
́
c khi nâ
́
u Sau khi nâ
́
u Tiêu
chuẩn
Australia
KSH Than Củi PPNN KSH Than Củi PPNN

lng
0,06 0,22 1,23 1,41
0,06 0,25 4,22 4,92
0,09
CO 1,24 6,60 1,65 1,44 1,43 10,75 3,40 2,61 10
SO
2
0,06 0,08 0,08 0,06 0,07 0,09 0,09 0,07 0,06
HCS 0,49 0,92 1,09 0,73 0,64 1,26 1,57 1,11 0,5
CH
4
48,14 49,06 50,47 50,26 66,92 71,15 72,45 70,47
H
2
S 0,01 0,01 0,03 0,02 0,01 0,01 0,05 0,03
Thông
sô
́

Trươ
́
c khi nâ
́
u Sau khi nâ
́
u Tiêu
chuẩn
Australia
KSH Than Củi PPNN KSH Than Củi PPNN
NH
3
0,12 0,14 0,12 0,13 0,11 0,14 0,14 0,13


  


i



nhau nh: nguy c ng
 

n.



ng





, 

n cu m

 

 t giai 
thi gian, 

 



 

 . Nu th
cc thc hi



 


d







 tin cy cao hn.
Mn thc hin ly mc trong mt br
u), m 











t lu



m






n.


n cu mc th

i 7  . 



gi






 c s 



 






th

ng s nh t hu c 

h,



References
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Xem chi tiết: Đánh giá mức đô giảm phát thải khí ô nhiễm khi sử dụng khí sinh học trong sinh hoạt tại xã Ngọc Lũ, huyện Lục Bình, tỉnh Hà Nam